Synthesis of Ruthenium Supported on Protonated Fibrous Silica ZSM-5 for Methanol to Olefin Reaction
Abstract
Olefins are unsaturated alkene and essential raw materials in petrochemical and polymer industries. As the global crude oil prices rise, future generations will experience a serious raw material crisis. Producing olefins from non-oil sources are considered as the most effective ways to overcome the crisis. Conversion of methanol to olefins is one of the most economical methods since this reaction only involves a cheap starting chemical which is methanol. The fibrous morphological zeolite catalyst (FZSM-5) has been successfully prepared using microwaves assisted hydrothermal methods followed by protonation and ruthenium loaded on protonated fibrous silica ZSM-5 (Ru/HFZSM-5) by impregnation method. The catalyst is characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), nitrogen physisorption analysis and pyridine-Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The FESEM result showed ZSM-5 (HFZSM-5) fibrous silica having ZSM-5 structure and spherical morphology with dendrimeric silica fibers evenly distributed. Furthermore, the increase in the surface area of both catalysts is shown by the analysis of nitrogen physisorption from 470.43 m²/g to 474.60 m²/g for HFZSM-5 and Ru/HFZSM-5 respectively. The addition of metals into the HFZSM-5 catalyst increases the acidity of the catalyst as shown in the pyridine-FTIR spectra. The catalytic performance was tested at 200 – 400 °C under atmospheric pressure. Increased acidity of Ru/HFSZSM-5 indirectly increased the percentage conversion of methanol to olefin from 88.60% to 95.14% and Ru/HFZSM-5 gave 93.93% yield of olefins.
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